高考英語(yǔ)考查的重點(diǎn)——不定代詞

　　高考英語(yǔ)考查的重點(diǎn)——不定代詞

　　嚴(yán)格的講，代詞是代替名詞的詞，在句子中起名詞的作用，可以做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ) 、同位語(yǔ)和呼語(yǔ)等。代詞又可分為人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、指示代詞 、疑問(wèn)代詞、連接代詞、關(guān)系代詞和不定代詞共9種。

　　我們知道，代詞是一項(xiàng)非常重要的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目，在高考中起著重要的作用。然而，直接考查不定代詞的頻率較高，不定代詞具有名詞和形容詞的性質(zhì)，具有可數(shù)及不可數(shù)之別。

　　因此，在學(xué)習(xí)、復(fù)習(xí)及準(zhǔn)備中，必須重視對(duì)代詞尤其是不定代詞的學(xué)習(xí)和研究。下面我結(jié)合高考實(shí)例來(lái)與大家共同探討一下不定代詞的作用及運(yùn)用。

　　不定代詞可分為由body, one ,thing 構(gòu)成的合成代詞，如somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody; someone, everyone 和 something, everything, nothing 等；另一類(lèi)是既可作代詞又可作限定詞的詞，主要有all, any, none , another, other, both, each, either, neither, some, few, little, many, much 等。綜觀1988年以來(lái)的高診斷題，主要考查不定代詞在句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。

　　一 、 作主語(yǔ)

　　1. _______ of them knew about the plan because it was a secret.(MET1988 38)

　　A Each B Any C No one D None [D]

　　2. I invited Tom and Ann to dinner, but _______ of them came.(MET1991 14)

　　A neither B both C either D none [A]

　　3. We couldn’t eat in a restaurant because ________ of us had _____money on us.(MET 1991 28)

　　A all, no B any, no C none, any D no one , any [C]

　　4. -------Is_______ here?

　　-------No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave. (MET 1993 32)

　　A anybody B somebody C everybody D nobody [C]

　　5. Don’t all speak at once! _________ ,please.(NMET 1994 26)

　　A Each at one time B One by one time

　　C One for each time D One at a time [D]

　　6. They were all very tired , but _______ of them would stop to take a rest.(NMET 1995 1)

　　A any B some C none D neither [C]

　　7. I will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor will________.

　　A. anyone B. anyone else C. no one D. no one else (2004江蘇21) [B ]

　　8. I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but ______ of them came.

　　A. neither B. either C. none D. both(2004北京21) [A ]

　　注釋: neither 表示“（兩者之中）沒(méi)有一個(gè)，either 表示”（兩者之中）任何一個(gè)。 二者均表示單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，在句子中可做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。 none 代替三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上 的人或物，表示全部否定，代替不可數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，代替可數(shù)名 詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式均可，在句子中可做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。no one 代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”沒(méi)有人“，在句子中可做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)；no = not any 修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，在句中只作定語(yǔ)。

　　二 作賓語(yǔ)

　　9. ------ Have you seen Tom and Mary?

　　-----I haven’t seen _____ of them. (MET 1988 )

　　A neither B any C either D all [C]

　　10. Although he is wealthy, he spends _______ on clothes. (MET 1992 39 )

　　A little B few C a little D a few [A]

　　11. Mr. Zhang gave the text books to all the pupils except ______ who had already taken them. (MET 1992 23)

　　A the ones B ones C some D the others [A]

　　12. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have______.( NMET 1995 22)

　　A it B those C them D one [D ]

　　13. -------Why don’t we take a little break?

　　------- Didn’t we just have_______? ( NMET 2000 23)

　　A it B that C one D this [C]

　　14.-------Do you want tea or coffee?

　　------______.I really don’t mind. (2000春 6)

　　A Both B None C Either D Neither [C]

　　15.If this dictionary is not yours, ______ can it be? (2001春13)

　　A what else B who else C which else’s D who else’s [D]

　　16.Mr Alcott , headmaster of the school, refused to accept _____ of the three suggestions made by the Student’s Union. （2000 上海 春）

　　A either B neither C any D none (C)

　　17. Many people have helped with canned food. However, the food bank needs

　　_____ for the poor. (2001春 19)

　　A more B much C many D most [A]

　　18.------There’s coffee and tea; you can have _____.

　　-----Thanks. （ NMET 2003 32）

　　A either B each C one D it [A]

　　19. We need a new cupboard for the kitchen . So Peter made ______ from some wood we had . A it B one C himself another (2004海南、內(nèi)蒙等24) [B]