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當(dāng)前位置:北京學(xué)而思1對1 > 北京高考 > 高考英語 > 正文
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高考查漏補(bǔ)缺指導(dǎo):四步打造英語作文

2010-04-06 09:32:29  來源:新浪 文章作者:匿名

  作文是英語高考的重頭戲,每年作文的類型和主題也不盡相同,作文分?jǐn)?shù)的高低也直接影響著英語成績的高低,因此英文作文的準(zhǔn)備也就成了每年英語準(zhǔn)備的重點之一。下面我就不同的文體來講解一下如何打造英語作文:


  一、各種類型作文的特點


  ★圖表作文


  1.仔細(xì)審題,看懂圖表的意思,整理要點,決定語言形式;


  2.開頭直截了當(dāng),盡快入題,不要拐彎抹角,拖泥帶水;


  3.行文一般以10個句子為宜。若用少于8句話來表達(dá),句子容易表達(dá)不清;若用多于10句話來描述,則句子零亂與瑣碎,文章缺乏整體感;


  4.用較有把握的詞語句型將規(guī)定內(nèi)容加以表達(dá),并根據(jù)圖表大意議論;


  5.應(yīng)按照合理順序,適當(dāng)使用一些過渡性的連接詞,將句子連珠成串;


  6.結(jié)尾要干凈利落,既不能拉雜,也不能草率,要顯得自然,恰當(dāng)?shù)皿w。


  ★提示議論文


  文章開頭,能依據(jù)提示確立主題句(topic)闡明觀點或看法;使用連接詞分開次說明理由、緣由(supporting sentences);歸納總結(jié),首尾呼應(yīng)。做到論點正確無誤;論據(jù)可靠充分。論據(jù)可以是人們公認(rèn)的真理,也可以是經(jīng)過實踐考證的經(jīng)典著作;論證合理嚴(yán)密。常用論證法有歸納法、推理法、對比法。


  ★記敘文


  一般說來有時間、地點、人物、事件、原因和結(jié)果六要素,寫作時要明白清楚地給予表達(dá)。記人時,要注意介紹人物的身世、經(jīng)歷和事跡等。敘事時要描寫事情發(fā)生與發(fā)展的過程。


  ★應(yīng)用文


  主要以寫信為主。英文書信由6個部分組成。它們是信頭、信內(nèi)地址、稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語、簽字。格式一定要正確。信的正文和寫文章一樣,要分段寫,每一段有一個中心思想。


  二、四步打造英語作文


  Step1:確定文體


  常用文體有記敘文、說明文,還有應(yīng)用文如書信等。近幾年的高考書面表達(dá)多以應(yīng)用文為主,提供的形式多以圖畫、提綱、表格出現(xiàn),書寫的格式大都是書信、通知。所以,考生還應(yīng)該掌握信的稱呼、開頭、正文、結(jié)尾、簽名等方面,另外,口頭通知和書面通知的不同要清楚?傊,考生應(yīng)根據(jù)寫作提示分析材料,確定文體,闖過先進(jìn)關(guān)。


  Step2:確定時態(tài)和人稱


  考生要根據(jù)選好的文體和寫作內(nèi)容確定時態(tài)。一般來說,記人敘事多用一般過去時;發(fā)布通知多用一般將來時和祈使句式;發(fā)表議論大多用帶有情態(tài)動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時;人物介紹、現(xiàn)狀說明常用一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在完成時。定準(zhǔn)時態(tài)后接下來一定要知道各時態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法要點,但要記住,寫作時時態(tài)并不惟一,要依據(jù)表達(dá)內(nèi)容而選定。


  Step3:確定所需主要詞匯和所用表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)


  在以上“兩確定”的基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)該根據(jù)文章體裁和內(nèi)容逐個地確定寫作要點。對于圖畫和圖表可在草稿紙上用中文列出。理清要點,然后選詞造句,對列出的要點逐一翻譯。這時要注意力求語言準(zhǔn)確得當(dāng)。平時寫作要多進(jìn)行發(fā)散思維,如是用very sorry還是terribly sorry;是surprised還是astonished。同時考生應(yīng)學(xué)會盡可能使用較高級的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯,如非謂語動詞、復(fù)合句等。較大限度地優(yōu)秀文章。


  Step4:整理成篇 行文連貫


  接下來要根據(jù)內(nèi)容分清文章的層次,確定詳略,將寫好的單句要重新排列組合起來,使之前后連貫成一篇完整的文章。同時選用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞使文章過渡自然,行文流暢。另外,根據(jù)內(nèi)容編排,該分段時要分段,使表達(dá)清楚,一目了然。行云流水,整齊劃一,闖過寫作第四關(guān)。


  三、作文模板


  1.圖表作文模板


  as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), __作文題目的議題__ has been on rise/ decrease(goes up/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from__ in __ to __ in __. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that __.


  There are at least two good reasons accounting for __. On the one hand, __. On the other hand, __ is due to the fact that __.In addition, __ is responsible for __.Maybe there are some other reasons to show __.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.


  As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that __. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.


  2.議論文模板


  There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 觀點一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___觀點一_____.


  People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___觀點二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand, ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點二______.


  As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.


  3.應(yīng)用文(申請信)模板


  Your address


  Month, Date, year


  Receiver's address


  Dear ...,


  I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in .... And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising.


  .../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, .... On the other hand, .... I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.


  I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.


  Best regards for your health and success.


  Sincerely yours,


  X X X


  離高考沒幾天了,熟記一些模板也能起到事半功倍的效果,有備無患嘛!


  智康教育:優(yōu)秀的N對一個性化輔導(dǎo)、口碑好的家教品牌,提供小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)、英語、語文、物理、化學(xué)等全科家教輔導(dǎo),滿足小學(xué)、小學(xué)、初中、中考、高中、高考等各類人群課外補(bǔ)習(xí)需求。
 

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