預(yù)約高中1對1精品課程(面授/在線)，滿足學(xué)員個性化學(xué)習(xí)需求 馬上報名↓
1. 動詞基本時態(tài)及其用法
(一) 一般現(xiàn)在時的特殊用法
l 1. 表示真理或經(jīng)常性的動作。
The secretary said that she always leaves as soon as her boss goes home.(賓語從句說的是習(xí)慣)
l 2. 表示預(yù)先安排好，將要發(fā)生的事情。
The train leaves in half an hour.
l 3. 用于時間和條件狀語從句中，一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。
I won’t go to his birthday party unless he invites me.
(二)現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊用法
l 1. 表示將來計劃要做的事情。
Professor Smith is entertaining his students this Sunday.
l 2. 現(xiàn)在進行時與always，constantly，forever等連用。表示意想不到或使人煩惱的事情。
She is always borrowing money and forgetting to pay you back.
(三) 現(xiàn)在完成時的用法
l 1. 表示從過去到現(xiàn)在這段時間內(nèi)完成而對現(xiàn)在有影響的動作或狀態(tài)。常與already, before, ever, lately, just, in the past … years, never, recently, so far, up to now, yet等狀語連用。
1) I haven’t heard from him lately.
2) So far，we have discussed this problem for three times.
2.表示從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。常與for, since連用。
Mr. White has worked in the company for a decade.
3. 在時間和條件狀語從句中代替將來時。
1) I'll phone you after I have talked about this matter with my parents.
2) We’ll go to the cinema if we have finished our essay by that time.
(四) 過去完成時
l表示過去某時間前已發(fā)生的動作或情況，常與before, by等引導(dǎo)的狀語連用。
1. They had passed CET 4 before entering this college.
2. They did better than we had expected.
(五) 將來完成時
l表示將來某時刻之前已完成或發(fā)生的情況，常與by+將來時間的狀語連用。
By the end of next year，we’ll have completed this project.
2.情態(tài)動詞+現(xiàn)在完成時
l 1) should/ought to+ have done表示過去應(yīng)該做而未做
You should have finished your work an hour ago.(實際沒做完)
l 2) needn’t+ have done 表示已經(jīng)做過的但是并不必要的行為
You needn’t have written to him. He will be here tomorrow. (實際已經(jīng)寫了信)
l3) could+ have done表示與過去的事實相反，能做而未做
(1) I could have bought that coat, but I lent the money to a friend.
(2) If it hadn’t been for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded in such a short period of time.
l 4) might+ have done表示過去事實很可能發(fā)生而沒發(fā)生。
John might have lent you the car if you had asked.
l 5) must+have done表示對過去事情的肯定猜測
He must have received my letter which was mailed a week ago.
3.幾個特殊句型中的時態(tài)
l 1) It is the first time that…
在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)主句動詞為“is/will be”時，從句動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時;若主句動詞為“was”，從句動詞為過去完成時。
(1) It is the first time that I have talked with a foreigner.
(2) It was the first time he had come to a concert.
l 2) It is/has been+時間+since…
在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)主句動詞為“is/has been”時，從句動詞用一般過去時;若主句動詞為“was/had been”，從句動詞為過去完成時。
(1) It is five years since I saw her.
(2) It was five years since I had seen her.
l 3) It was not/won’t be long before…
在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句動詞為wasn’t時，從句動詞用一般過去時;若主句動詞為will/won’t be，從句動詞為現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。
(1) It was not long before everyone came to know him.
(2) It won’t be long before we work out some plans to promote our sales.
(3) It will be a long time before you have enough money for a global tour.
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