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2019北京高三二模診斷英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞!高考的時(shí)候,詞形的轉(zhuǎn)換還是很多的,尤其是填空題類,總是讓大家變換之后再填入正確答案,愛智康助力診斷,給大家整理了一些。下面看看小編為大家準(zhǔn)備較新的2019北京高三二模診斷英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞內(nèi)容,希望對(duì)大家的進(jìn)步有所幫助。
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2019北京高三二模診斷英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞(一)
一、一詞多義、一義多詞和同義、近義詞辨析
任何一種語(yǔ)言都有“一詞多義”的現(xiàn)象,英語(yǔ)也不例外。其中,形容詞和副詞的一詞多義更是豐富多彩。
例一:Mary kept weighing herself to see how much ______she was getting.
A.heavier B.heavy
C.the heavier D.the heaviest
答案A。Mary一直稱體重看(比前一次)重多少,題干中暗含比較,much修飾比較級(jí)。這里的heavy是我們較常見的“重”的概念。
例二:That his only son was killed in car accident was a ________ blow to the old man.
A. heavy B. broad
C. plain D. main
答案A。老人的兒子在車禍中喪生對(duì)他來說是沉重的打擊。這里的heavy是“強(qiáng)烈的”“沉重的”意思。
例三:Mr. Smith used to smoke ________but he has given it up.
A.seriously B.heavily
C.badly D.hardly
答案B。Mr. Smith以前煙抽得很兇,但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)戒掉了。這里的heavy指的是量大,次數(shù)頻繁。
從上面三個(gè)例子不難看出,同一個(gè)形容詞和副詞,在不同的語(yǔ)境中,會(huì)有其不同的詞義。這里,heavy一詞,我們只提到了三個(gè)詞義,當(dāng)然在a heavy heart、heavy food、something not too heavy to read、a heavy winter coat等短語(yǔ)中還分別有 “沉郁的”“膩人的”“乏味的”“厚實(shí)的”等詞義。
與形容詞和副詞一詞多義相伴,在選擇修飾語(yǔ)時(shí),某一個(gè)中文詞的意思,對(duì)應(yīng)到英文,是不是就是我們想象的那個(gè)詞呢?
例如,漢語(yǔ)的“大”一字,用在“大雨”“大風(fēng)”“大樹”“大聲”“大山”“大勝”等詞語(yǔ)中,在英語(yǔ)里,能簡(jiǎn)單地用一個(gè)big(大)而一概而論嗎?不行!要根據(jù)搭配,分別使用不同的形容詞,即“a heavy rain” “a strong wind”“a tall tree”“in a loud voice”“a high mountain”“a big win”等。
在形容詞和副詞考查中,有時(shí)會(huì)碰到同義、近義詞的辨用。辨用時(shí),單從漢語(yǔ)意思上有時(shí)是無法辨清的。我們要逆向思維,采用反義對(duì)比、分析構(gòu)詞等方法,使詞的語(yǔ)義一目了然。
例一:請(qǐng)回答下面這一組題
1.When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _____.
A. average B. ordinary
C. regular D. normal
2. Letterboxes are much more _____in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead.
A. common B. normal
C. ordinary D. usual
3. It’s in the _____ interest that we should have a well-run health service.
A. ordinary B. usual
C. particular D. general
4. Now, in our country free medical treatment covers sickness of mind as well as___ sickness.
A.normal B.average
C.regular D.ordinary
答案D A D D。這組題目主要涉及ordinary,usual,common,normal等詞語(yǔ)的辨用,而這幾個(gè)詞語(yǔ)的中文意義十分相近,甚至英文也是在相互釋義,如common:usual and ordinary; happening or found often and in many places。
要辨清這幾個(gè)詞的用法,我們不妨來個(gè)逆向思維,從它們的反義詞上去找些“蛛絲馬跡”:ordinary—special (特殊);general—specific,particular (具體的,個(gè)體的);common—rare (少見);normal—abnormal (不正常,對(duì)應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和尺度)。從反義詞的角度,把同義、近義詞做一比對(duì),它們的區(qū)別便一目了然。另外,使用這些同義、近義詞,再生成一些搭配,也可以幫助我們進(jìn)一步辨用詞語(yǔ)。如:a common experience,a usual practice;in ordinary dress,general knowledge等。
2019北京高三二模診斷英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞(二)
關(guān)于形容詞與副詞這一考點(diǎn),主要考查以下幾個(gè)方面:
1.考查形容詞和副詞的基本用法
形容詞在句中一般作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ),而副詞在句中主要作狀語(yǔ)。
2.考查形容詞作定語(yǔ)的后置規(guī)律
形容詞作定語(yǔ)一般位于所修飾的名詞前,但下列三種情況形容詞要后置:①形容詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí);②表語(yǔ)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí);③修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)。
3.考查多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)的排序
多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí),其排序規(guī)律是:(限定詞+程度副詞+) 描繪+大小(長(zhǎng)短、高低)+形狀+年齡(新舊)+顏色+國(guó)籍或產(chǎn)地+物質(zhì)材料+類別或用途+名詞。
4.考查副詞在句中的位置規(guī)律
副詞修飾形容詞或其它副詞時(shí),一般位于被修飾詞的前面,但enough卻要放在被修飾的形容詞或副詞的后面。
5.考查–ed形容詞和-ing形容詞的區(qū)別
-ed形容詞,通常說明人,意為“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容詞通常說明事物,意為“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。
6.考查兩種不同形式的副詞的用法差異
即考查與形容詞同形的副詞與形容詞后加ly構(gòu)成的副詞的區(qū)別。
7.考查形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)。
8.考查比較等級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)。
考點(diǎn)1: 在具體的語(yǔ)境中辨析形容詞與副詞的語(yǔ)義
從復(fù)現(xiàn)的頻率來看,此點(diǎn)是高考對(duì)形容詞、副詞考查的先進(jìn)大熱點(diǎn)。解答此類題關(guān)鍵是要分析具體的語(yǔ)境,結(jié)合基本詞義、搭配等來選擇正確的答案。
經(jīng)過統(tǒng)計(jì),常見?嫉男稳菰~和副詞有(按頻度排列):even; interested; interesting; yet; hardly; just; therefore; though; too; very; common; effective; either; ever; fair; however; less; more; nearly; only; purposefully; rather; still; such; surprised; surprising
還有以下形容詞和副詞應(yīng)當(dāng)熟悉和掌握: a good many; a number of; acceptable; accidentally; actively; adequately; already; another; anxious; anyway; ashamed; attentively; bad; badly; besides; better; but; careful; changeable; cheap; comfortable; convenient; eagerly; easy; encouraging; enha-ncing; equal; even though; eventually; fairly; far; fewer; following; formally; friendly; gen-erously; gradually; heavily; historic; hopefully; immediately; inaccessible; individual; inevit-able; initial; instead; invisible; largely; never; next; no; normal; nowadays; obviously; ordin-ary; other; otherwise; patient; plenty of; prac-tical; promoting; proper; quickly; readily; reasonable; remote; seldom; seriously; short; so; stimulating; traditional; unavailable; unav-oidable; unfavorable; unfortunately; usual; va-rious; weak; well
2019北京高三二模診斷英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞(三)
考點(diǎn)2:考查形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)、更高級(jí)及前面的修飾語(yǔ)
【準(zhǔn)備清單】
1) 比較級(jí)、更高級(jí)的選用及應(yīng)用范圍
比較級(jí)、更高級(jí)常用于表示兩者或多者間的比較。復(fù)習(xí)中須注意如下句型的用法:
① as + 原級(jí)adj. / adv. + as表示“和……一樣”及not as / so + 原級(jí)adj. / adv. + as表示“不如……”。例如:
(94全國(guó)) John plays football as well as, if not better than, David.
The piano in the other shop will be cheaper, but not as good.
② as + 原級(jí)adj. + a(n) + n. + as表示“跟……一樣”。例如:
(2001全國(guó)) It’s generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
(2003北京) Our neighbour has as big a house as ours.
、 比較級(jí) + than表“比……更”及l(fā)ess ... than表示“不如……”。例如:
This year they have produced less grain than they did last year.
This road is wider than that one.
、 the + 比較級(jí), the + 比較級(jí)表示“越……,就越……”。例如:
(93上海) It’s believed that the harder you work, the better result you’ll get.
⑤ the +比較級(jí)+ of the + 名詞 / 代詞表示兩者中“較……的”。例如:
Who is the younger of the two boys?
、薇容^級(jí) + 比較級(jí)(越來越……)。___ 例如:
Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
Things became worse and worse from then on.
、哂胻he last表示“較不可能的”、“較不適合的”、“較不希望的”等。例如:
The last thing I want to do is to offend you.我較不愿意做的就是惹你生氣。
He is the last man I want to see.他是我較不希望見的人。
2) 形容詞、副詞原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、更高級(jí)前的程度狀語(yǔ)
① 注意一些形容詞或副詞前的特定修飾語(yǔ)。例如:
(2004廣東) Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn’t always that much to do. (那樣多)
I quite like it. They are quite different / wrong.
quite possible / impossible
My hometown is much changed.
much to my surprise(很讓我吃驚)
be well worth doing (很值得做)
、 比較級(jí)前?捎胹till, even, much, far, a lot / little / few / bit, rather, any, a great deal, so far, by far, no等詞修飾。(注意more不用于修飾比較級(jí))。例如:
(94全國(guó)) If there were no examinations, we should have a much happier time.
(2000上海) You’re standing too near the cinema. Can you move a bit farther?
This is by far the better.
、 更高級(jí)可用序數(shù)詞、much、 by far、 nearly、 almost等詞修飾。例如:
Africa is the second largest continent.
The Pacific is by far the largest ocean.
I like this film the very best / much the best.
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