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⒀gone、lost、missing的區(qū)別:gone表示“丟了,沒(méi)了”,含一去不復(fù)返的意思,也可以表示“死了”,作表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ),不可以作定語(yǔ);lost表示“丟失”,含難以找回的意思,可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ);missing表示“失蹤了,不見(jiàn)了”,強(qiáng)調(diào)某人物不在原處,可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)。如:My fever(高燒) is gone, but I still have a cough.(發(fā)燒消退了,但我仍然咳嗽)/ The parents found the lost child at last.(家長(zhǎng)終于找到了迷路的孩子)/ My dictionary is missing.Who’s taken it away?(我的字典不見(jiàn)了,誰(shuí)拿走了?)/ For more detailed information(詳情)of the missing girls, please visit our website(網(wǎng)址).(如果想知道失蹤女孩們的詳情,請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn)我們的網(wǎng)站)
⒁living、alive、live、lively的區(qū)別:四個(gè)詞都來(lái)源于動(dòng)詞live“生活、居住”。
living讀[‘liviN]有三個(gè)意思:①“活著的、現(xiàn)存的”,作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),②“一模一樣的、逼真的”,③相當(dāng)于lively,意思是“強(qiáng)烈的、活潑的”;
live讀[laiv],指東西“活的”,可以替換為living;
alive讀[[‘laiv]作表語(yǔ),指人“活著的”,如果作定語(yǔ),則放在名詞的后面;
lively讀[‘laivli]有三個(gè)意思:①有生氣的、活潑的、快活的,②(色彩)鮮艷的,③生動(dòng)的、真實(shí)的。
例如:A living language should be learned orally(口頭上).(活的語(yǔ)言應(yīng)該從口頭上學(xué))(被動(dòng)句) / We have a living hope that you will succeed.(我們強(qiáng)烈地希望你能成功)/ Is she still alive?(她還活著嗎?)/ They are the happiest children alive.(他們是活著的較開(kāi)心的孩子)/ This is a live fish.(這是條活魚(yú)) / A live wire(電線) is dangerous.(有電的電線是危險(xiǎn)的)/ She is as lively as a kitten(小貓).(她像小貓一樣可愛(ài))/ He gave a lively description of the football match.(他生動(dòng)地描述了那場(chǎng)足球賽)
⒂sick與ill區(qū)別:sick和ill都表示“生病的”,但是,sick可以做定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ),而ill只能做表語(yǔ)。如:He has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now.(他病了很久,現(xiàn)在非常虛弱)/ Vets help treat sick pets and most of the pets’ owners like them.(獸醫(yī)幫助診治患病的寵物,很受寵物主人們的喜愛(ài))
⒃the poor(窮人們) / the rich(富人們)等用法:“the+形容詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)可以表示一類人物,復(fù)數(shù)含義。如:We must try our best to help the poor.(我們應(yīng)該盡力幫助窮人們)/ The rich never know how the poor are living.(有錢人哪知窮人怎么過(guò)日子)
2、副詞:用來(lái)說(shuō)明事情發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式等含義或說(shuō)明其它形容詞或副詞程度的詞叫做副詞。
1、副詞的分類:(見(jiàn)下表)
時(shí)間副詞 |
頻度副詞 |
地點(diǎn)/方位副詞 |
程度副詞 |
方式副詞 |
疑問(wèn)/連接副詞 |
其他副詞 |
today, tomorrow, |
once, |
here, there, |
very, too, |
well, |
how, |
too, also, |
yesterday, now, |
twice, |
home, below, |
enough, |
hard, |
where, |
nor, so, |
then, early, late, |
always, |
anywhere, |
rather, quite, |
alone, |
when, |
as, on,off, |
once, soon, just, |
usually, |
above, outside, |
how, so, |
fast, |
why, |
either, |
tonight, long, |
often, |
in, inside, out, |
much, just, |
together, |
whether |
yes, no, |
already, yet, before, |
sometimes, |
back, up, down, |
nearly, only |
suddenly, |
however, etc. |
not, neither |
ago, later, ever since |
never, |
away, off, far, |
almost, hardly, |
-ly結(jié)尾 |
關(guān)系副詞 |
maybe, |
after, whenever |
(seldom), |
near, nearby, |
as long as等, |
的副詞 |
where, |
perhaps, |
first, someday, |
ever, |
wherever |
even, all, |
|
why, how |
certainly, |
sometime, last, |
|
everywhere, |
a little, a bit |
|
when, |
|
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