預約高中1對1精品課程(面授/在線),滿足學員個性化學習需求 馬上報名↓
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北京初一英語輔導哪家好?
初一下冊英語知識點:Unit12
課前預習資料
學習目標:
1.談論規(guī)則
2.祈使語氣
3.表示允許
4.能夠用口頭或書面描述規(guī)則
重點和難點:
重點掌握祈使語氣的用法,包括表示允許的Can及其當情態(tài)動詞用的 have to do;以及各種可以用在表述規(guī)章制度的動詞和句型。難點在于情態(tài)動詞的用法,以及祈使句與它的應答。
1.表示規(guī)則的句型:
--- Don’t run in the hallways.
--- Sorry, Ms Mendoza.
Don’t watch TV after school.
Don’t go out on school nights.
1.思考、談論規(guī)則。
Don’t talk loudly.
Do your homework after school!
Practice your guitar every day.
引導、啟發(fā)、教授需學內(nèi)容。
2.Can for permission, such as: We can do…
We can’t do…
Can we do…?
--- What are the rules?
--- Well, we can’t arrive late for class.
--- Can we listen to music, Alex?
--- We can’t listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside.
功課復習資料
一、短語
1.in class 在課上
2.on school nights 在上學的晚上
3.school rules 校規(guī)
4.no talking 禁止交談
5.listen to music 聽音樂
6.have to 不得不
7.take my dog for a walk 帶狗去散步
8.eat outside 在外面吃飯
9.in the hallway 在走廊上
10.wear a uniform 穿制服
11.arrive late for class 上學遲到
12.after school 放學后
13.practice the guitar 訓練彈吉它
14.in the cafeteria 在自助食堂里
15.meet my friends 和我朋友見面
16.by ten o'clock.十點之前
17.be in bed 在床上
18.the Children's Palace 少年宮
19.help my mom make dinner 幫助我媽做飯
二、重點句型
1.Don’t arrive late for school=Don’t be late for school
2.Don’t fight =
3.Don’t listen to music in the classroom.
4.Don’t run in the hallways
5.Don’t smoke .It’s bad for your health.
6.Don’t play cards in school
7.Don’t talk in class
8.Don’t watch TV on school nights.
9.Don’t sleep in class.
10.Don’t play sports in the classrooms.
11.Don’t sing songs at night.
12.Don’t talk when you eat.
13.Don’t wear hats in class.
14.Do homework by 10:00.
15.Clean your house!
16.Make the bed.
17.Can we ……? Yes ,we can . No, we can’t.
Eg: Can we arrive late for class ? No, we can’t. We can’t arrive late for class.
18.Do you have to wash your clothes? Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
三、重難點解析:
1.情態(tài)動詞have to 的用法,意思是"必須、不得不",它側(cè)重于客觀上的必要和外界的權(quán)威。(1)結(jié)構(gòu):主語+have to+動詞原形+其他
(一般現(xiàn)在時,主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,用has to;句子是過去時,用had to.)如:We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在體育課上,我們必須穿運動鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 湯姆每天必須訓練彈吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一,我不得不早上5點起床。
(2)否定形式:主語+don't have to+動詞原形+其他(一般現(xiàn)在時,主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,用doesn't have to. 句子是過去時,用didn't have to)
如:Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have to do our homework at once. 我們不必馬上完成功課。
(3)疑問句:Do (Does或Did)+主語+have to +動詞原形+其他
如:Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必須呆在家里嗎?Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
是的,我必須。不,我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚,他不得不11點前上床睡覺嗎?
2.情態(tài)動詞can的用法
(1)表示能力,"會""能"(在先進冊中已經(jīng)學習這種用法)
Can you play the guitar? 你會彈吉它嗎?Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂會說一點中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。
(2)表示允許、許可,"可以"、"能"(在這一課中新學的詞義)
Can the students run in the hallways? 孩子們可以在走廊上跑嗎?We can eat outside. 我們可以在外面吃東西。Can I come in? 我能進來嗎?
注意 同樣是情態(tài)動詞,can 和have to 的用法是有區(qū)別的,和大部分情態(tài)動詞一樣,can在否定句中,直接在can后加上not,在疑問句中,把can放到主語前面,并且沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。
3.hear,listen和sound都有"聽"的意思,但三者是有區(qū)別的。
(1)hear"聽說",側(cè)重于"聽"的內(nèi)容
I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 聽說你生病了,我很難過。
I never heard such an interesting story. 我從來沒聽過這么有趣的一個故事。
(2)listen"聽"側(cè)重于"聽"這一動作。Listen to me carefully. 認真聽我說。
The children like to listen to music. 孩子們喜歡聽音樂。
(3)sound"聽起來",它是系動詞,后面接形容詞等。That sounds great. 那聽起來真不錯。
It sounds like fun. 聽起來挺有趣。
4.be in bed "在床上、臥床"in 和bed之間不能用冠詞,bed也不用復數(shù)。
He is in bed for 10 years. 他臥床10年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大衛(wèi)每晚必須很早睡覺。
5.arrive late for 與be late for 意思相近,"遲到"Don't arrive (be)late for school. 上學別遲到。I arrived (was)late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天開會遲到了。
6.No talking ! "禁止交談!"no后面加上名詞或動名詞(doing)也表示不要做某事。與don't +do的用法相似。No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放濕雨傘!
No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物!No smoking! Don't smoke here! 禁止吸煙!
7.語法(祈使句)
祈使句是用來表示請求、命令、叮囑、號召或者勸告等的句子,這類句子的主語常是第二人稱you,也就是聽話者,因而you常省去了。祈使句的開頭是動詞原形。
如:Look out! 小心!Wait here for me! 在這等我!
Be sure to come here on time! 務必準時來到這里!
祈使句的否定形式多以do not(常縮寫成don't)開頭,再加上動詞原形。
Don't arrive late for school. 上學別遲到。
Don't fight! 別打架!
Don't look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。
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