掃描注冊有禮
讓進(jìn)步看得見
熱門課程先知道
預(yù)約高中1對1精品課程(面授/在線),滿足學(xué)員個性化學(xué)習(xí)需求 馬上報名↓
1、考點分布相對穩(wěn)定、集中。英語的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、冠詞、情態(tài)動詞出現(xiàn)的頻率較高,尤其要引起重視的是動詞、動詞補(bǔ)語、各種習(xí)慣表達(dá)法及交際用法。
2、語言基礎(chǔ)知識的考查不能脫離一定的語境。近年來,高功課重視考查孩子的語言實踐能力,將單純的語法語言知識放置于一定的語言環(huán)境,這是近年來高考英語診斷改革的一個方向,考生在做題的過程中應(yīng)該樹立全局觀、整體觀,不能顧此失彼,只注意語法知識的正確性而忽略了語境使用中的合理性。
4、近年來其內(nèi)容愈來愈貼近生活,因此考生除了復(fù)習(xí)考綱所列的詞匯和語法知識,還要注意歸納英漢兩種文化的差異,熟悉所學(xué)的習(xí)慣用法,提高順應(yīng)語境的能力。
通過近幾年對高考英語試題及得失分的分析,有很多同學(xué)單項填空題正確率還不到一半,這已成為高考拉開距離的題型。根據(jù)大量的抽樣調(diào)查表明,除開英語單詞不認(rèn)識的(基礎(chǔ)特別差的孩子),許多考生把單項填空題理解為單純的語法考察題,把選項和語境割離開來,被干擾選項迷惑。而事實上,高考英語的單項選擇題已經(jīng)由傳統(tǒng)的單純考查語法知識逐漸向英語應(yīng)用的方向發(fā)展,考查的知識點越來越多,不僅考查語言知識的記憶與簡單再現(xiàn),更重要的是考查在不同水平與層次上語言知識的運用。考生應(yīng)該把單項選擇題當(dāng)成一個小的閱讀理解題,一道題的每個單詞甚至是標(biāo)點符號都在提供信息,從理解語境出發(fā)到找到關(guān)鍵詞,再加上語法、句法、固定搭配去找到正確答案。其基本的解題步驟是理解語境---劃關(guān)鍵詞---對比選項(從語法、句法、固定搭配出發(fā))---解出答案。
不知道大家注意沒有,英語試題中,每一個部分都用黑體字寫了這一行字:從A.B.C.D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的較好選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。明確告訴我們要挑選出一個較好選項,而不是做出一個正確選項。因此在做英語試題時,比較是非常重要的。
那么根據(jù)英語命題的特征和英語答題模式,結(jié)合了幾位英語選擇題獲取助力能力的三位同學(xué)的經(jīng)驗:雖然高功課型朝著新穎性變化,但是還是跳脫不開考察語言基礎(chǔ):
1、英語語法知識;
2、對近義詞或習(xí)慣用語的辨析;
3、日常交際用語。
而這三個方面各有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律,因此只要我們了解了這些規(guī)律,掌握這些規(guī)律,就能逐漸形成答好單項填空題目的解題技巧。高考的孩子要想快又準(zhǔn)地做好單選題,必須具備下列技巧:
2、還原法:把倒裝式、強(qiáng)調(diào)式或疑問式的題干變換為陳述句,再選就容易多了。
一.還原法
題干以省略句,疑問句,被動句,倒裝句,強(qiáng)調(diào)句或使用從句等形式,避開考生所熟悉的陳述句結(jié)構(gòu),從而達(dá)到加大難度。
例如:1. To all of you _____ the honor for the success. (C)
A.belongs to B.belong to C.belongs D.belong
分析:倒裝句,還原后為:The honor for the success belongs to all of you.
2. Time should be made good use of ___our lessons well. (C)
分析:將題干改寫為主動句,則為
3.——What made her mother so angry?
C. She did not pass D. Because her not passing
分析;將題干改寫為:____the exam made her mother so angry.
解題決竅:將不熟悉的疑問句,倒裝句,被動句,強(qiáng)調(diào)句等還原為熟悉的陳述句;也可將殘缺的部分補(bǔ)出或?qū)⒍嘤嗟牟糠謩h除。
例:1.. It is ____Tom often breaks the school rules ____makes his teacher unsatisfied with him. (C)
A. what;that B. that;what C. that;that D. which;that
分析:強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特點是把It is that去掉句子是完整的,該句可以還原為:_____Tom often breaks the school rules makes his teacher unsatisfied with him. Makes是謂語,前面是主語從句,缺少引導(dǎo)詞that
2. ______ it rain tomorrow,we would have to cancel the football match.
A.Were B. Would C. Will D. Should (D)
分析:這是虛擬條件句,與將來事實相反,還原為:
If it should rain tomorrow…
3. --- Where do you think ___ he ___ the computer?
--- Sorry. I have no idea. (B)
A. has; bought B. 不填; bought C. did; buy D. 不填; buys
分析:該句還原為陳述句語序為:
You think where he___ the computer?
think后接的是賓語從句,因此應(yīng)該是陳述語序
4. Though he started late, Mr Guo played the piano as well as , if ____, than Mr. Liu.
not better than B. not better C. no better than D. no better (D)
分析:if條件句是省略的,應(yīng)該還原為:if he did not play better than Mr. Liu
二.排除思維定勢
利用思維定勢的影響來設(shè)題,這是較容易讓我們上當(dāng)?shù)念}。因為我們背記了許多語法規(guī)則,詞匯,詞的固定搭配和句子結(jié)構(gòu)等,做題時只注意這些熟悉的語法規(guī)則,結(jié)構(gòu)和局部固定搭配,往往在沒有完全弄清整個題干意思是就作出了選擇,結(jié)果當(dāng)然出錯。
1.I’m sorry I can’t help _____ the floor of the classroom.
A. sweeping B. swept C. to sweep D. to sweeping
2.Madame Curie,for _____ life had once been very hard,was successful later.
A.whom B.which C.whose D.that
3. Do you have any idea of the reason _____ he referred to?
A.that B.where C.why D.when
4. ----What do think of the plan?
---- I feel ____that we ought to give it up at once.
A. strongly B. strong C. stronger D. it strong 答案:CAAA
解題決竅:正確理解句意,避免定勢思維。在學(xué)習(xí)過程中,尤其是復(fù)習(xí)階段,我們應(yīng)就一些常見的、重要的詞、詞組及句型加以反復(fù)訓(xùn)練,以加深印象,以避免思維定勢的干擾
三.克服漢英差異
英漢在表達(dá)習(xí)慣,思維方式等方面具有很多不同,命題者常利用漢英差異出題。如漢語的“參加”在許多情況下都適用,如參加會議,參加診斷,參加解放軍等,而在英語中則因不同的賓語用不同的動詞,如: take part in the celebration, attend a meeting, join the army, take an exam, join in a discussion 例如:
1.– It’s getting late. I'm afraid I must be going now.
- OK. ______ .
。粒甌ake it easy B. Go slowly C. Stay longer D. See you
2. The population of China is _____than that of Russia.
A. much more B. much larger C. many more D. many larger
3. There was once a cruel king _____in the castle.
A. lived B. who lives C. was living D. living
答案:DBD
解題決竅:留心英漢表達(dá)差異 ,平時要多讀﹑多比較﹑多歸納。避免Chinglish后,對比所剩的選項,較后得出較好答案
四. 注意題干慣性
此種類型的題多以對話形式出現(xiàn),我們答題往往會借助原題干的動詞時態(tài)和結(jié)構(gòu)等來判斷選項,結(jié)果造成錯選。
1. -Alice. you feed the bird today, _____ ?
-But I fed it yesterday. (1999全國卷)
A. do you B. will you C. didn‘t you D. don't you
2. ----You haven't been to Beijing, have you?
----_____.How I wish to go there!
A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I haven't C. No, I have D. No, I haven't
3.— Has Sam finished his homework today?
—I have no idea. He ______ it this morning.(2004全國卷)
A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 答案:BDC
解題決竅:分清角色。由于這種試題多出現(xiàn)在對話題中,答語往往較簡潔,多有省略,拿不準(zhǔn)時,應(yīng)將答語補(bǔ)充完整。另外要分清問答語氣不同所使用的情態(tài)動詞也不同,注意漢英不同習(xí)慣的表達(dá)。
五.區(qū)分形近義近詞
把相似、相近的詞語或結(jié)構(gòu)放在一起作為干擾選項,若我們基礎(chǔ)知識掌握不牢就難于區(qū)分。例如:
1. The films made by Disney ______ all over the world.
A.a(chǎn)re used to show B.a(chǎn)re used to showing
C.used to be shown D.used to show
2. -Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls?
-Yes. They have better players, so I__them to win.
A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. want
3. I’d like to buy a house—modern ,comfortable ,and
_______ in a quiet neighborhood.(2004福建)
A.in all B.a(chǎn)bove all C.a(chǎn)fter all D.a(chǎn)t all
答案:CCB
解題訣竅:1)明確詞意 所選答案要符合句子意思;
2)歸納比較 平時要特別重視收集歸納比較同義詞、近義詞和相似詞的異同,牢記它們的用法。
六. 弄清語言環(huán)境
命題人在題干中不明確將語言時間或空間背景標(biāo)示出來,而是比較巧妙地隱含在句子中,稍不注意就會錯選。例如:
1.-Hey, look where you are going?
-Oh, I'm terribly sorry.___.
A. I‘m not noticing B. I wasn't noticing
C. I haven’t noticing D. I don't noticing
2. Robert is said _____abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying
3. Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.
A. should have arrived B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving
答案:BAA
解題訣竅:1)身臨其境,揣摩意圖 特別是對付考查時態(tài)的試題更要將自己置身于所提供的背景之中,同時注意揣摩命題者的意圖;
2) 認(rèn)真分析題干里所隱藏的信息,抓住關(guān)鍵詞的提示,如前后動詞的時態(tài)以及那些貌似與題目無關(guān)的信息。
七、簡化法
對于長句尤其是含從句或并列成份較長的題,要善于抓住句子的主干,剝離出次要的信息,這樣使長句難句簡單化。先看主句的信息,再加上次要的從句的信息,再長的句子也不難了。
1.As we all know, newspapers, magazines and radios as well as television broadcasts can keep us ____ about what is happening at home and abroad.
A.informing B.informed C.to inform D.being informed
此句的主干是:newspapers等can keep us ____,橫線處缺少補(bǔ)語。us與inform存在被動意義,因此選B。D項雖有被動意義,但是含正在進(jìn)行的意義,而此句指的是一般行為,故選B
2. Dina, ____for months to find a job as a waitress, finally found a position at a local advertising agency.
A.struggling B.struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle
此句主干為:Dina found a position… found是謂語,且前面沒有and,說明與前面的struggle不是并列謂語,struggle應(yīng)是非謂語動詞。因與Dina存在主動意義,因此用現(xiàn)在分詞,故選C
3. A number of students ____said they were forced to practice the piano.
A.to question B.to be questioned C.questioned D. questioning
此句主干為:Students said (that)從句,空處缺修飾students的定語,question與之存在被動意義,在B與C間選。因B項表將來被動,C表完成被動,故選C
解題要訣:熟悉英語的五個基本句型:
主謂;主系表;主謂賓;主謂賓賓;主謂賓補(bǔ)
分析句子成分時較主要找出謂語動詞,則整個句子結(jié)構(gòu)就會非常清晰
解題注意事項
1.認(rèn)真審題,不許只把題干讀一半,也不要隨便加詞或減詞,助力正確地理解題意。為此建議在心中默讀出聲,讀時注意意群停頓,以便產(chǎn)生正確的語感。讀選項時一定要每個選項都看完,不能在沒把選項看全的情況下盲目得出答案
That is the room ___our family used to sit in the evening. 。ǎ粒
A. in which B.in where C. which D. that
意群停頓: That is the room / in which / our family used to sit / in the evening
2.做題時要思路清晰,通?梢韵扰懦齼蓚選項,這時也許對所剩的兩項感到“模棱兩可”,千萬不要盲選。必須根據(jù)語境及兩個選項的差別,較后準(zhǔn)確定出答案
People aren’t watching ___television as before
on Christmas Day because they use their videos.
A. too much B. too many C. as much D.as many
先排除B和D,因television不可數(shù)。后面有as,故選C
3.對于“模棱四可”的題必須每個選項逐一排除,即使看完先進(jìn)項覺得正確,也必須把所有選項讀完,也許后面有更為準(zhǔn)確的用語
1) I don’t ___rock’s roll, it’s much too noisy for my taste. 。ǎ模
A.go after B.go away with C.go into D.go in for
2)___children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally confident.
A. If B. Since C. Once D. Unless 。ǎ模
3、題干設(shè)計的新穎性。幾乎每年的高功課在題干設(shè)計上都有所創(chuàng)新,考生在診斷之前應(yīng)該有相應(yīng)的心理準(zhǔn)備。在診斷過程中,遇到新穎的題干不心慌,沉著、冷靜地對功課加以分析。對于單項填空題,考生應(yīng)該仔細(xì)分析,積極揣摩相關(guān)人員的意圖。也就是我們常說的做題時切忌盲目,要找準(zhǔn)考點。這樣,既增加了做題的準(zhǔn)確性,又節(jié)約了時間。在高考前的后期復(fù)習(xí)中,考生們應(yīng)對高頻考點進(jìn)行拉網(wǎng)式地認(rèn)真清理,做到知識條理清楚,哪些點?际裁,要心中有數(shù),不打無準(zhǔn)備之仗。
5、要看清楚題干再做題。碰到個別難題,別花太多時間。選擇題分?jǐn)?shù)只占10%,建議考生把時間控制在10分鐘以內(nèi)。
解題時也有技巧,高考一些單項選擇題的診斷點本來十分簡單,但命題者有意把題干復(fù)雜化,改寫為一個少見或陌生的結(jié)構(gòu)。診斷者可以反其道而行之,把題干還原為自己熟悉的結(jié)構(gòu),如將疑問句改為陳述句,將倒裝句改為陳述句,將被動句改為主動句,將強(qiáng)調(diào)句型去掉,將難句簡化或者是將省略句補(bǔ)全。 英語的選擇題注重在“選”上,因此要加強(qiáng)選項對比。
1、題眼法“題眼”是指題干中的關(guān)鍵詞或關(guān)鍵符號,它具有提示信息的作用。一旦抓住了它,就能掌握選擇的依據(jù)。如時間、地點、關(guān)聯(lián)詞、轉(zhuǎn)折詞等。
3、歸類法:根據(jù)句意,把選項分組歸類,縮小范圍,提高做題的速度和準(zhǔn)確性。
4、推理法:根據(jù)前后文,進(jìn)行邏輯推理,在四個選項都可填入的情況下,要認(rèn)真閱讀全句,仔細(xì)體會其語境,根據(jù)前后文,進(jìn)行判斷。
5、排除法:對于難度較大的題,一時不知道選哪一個。這時要逐個試填,較后,選取組成較好語境的選項。
A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learns
We should make good use of time ____our lesson well.
——____the exam. (B)
A. Because she did not pass B. Her not passing