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(3)有些詞后既可接動名詞亦可接動詞不定式,但意義不同,如stop, remember, forget, neglect, omit, dislike, detests,
begin, continue, start, regret, intend, attempt, propose等。例如:
When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking. (talking 是賓語,指停止講話這個動作)
When the teacher came in, the students stopped to talk. (to talk是目的狀語,指停下前一動作來進行talk)
Remember, forget doing something (指已做過的事)
Remember, forget to do something (指未做過的事)
2.動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞在用法上的區(qū)別
(1)作定語的區(qū)別。分詞往往表示它所修飾的詞所做的動作,即邏輯主語是它所修飾的詞;動名詞往往表示與它所修飾的詞有關(guān)的
動作,即所修飾的詞不能充當(dāng)邏輯主語。例如:
the raging storm (= the storm that is raging) (狂暴的風(fēng)雨)(分詞)
scorching heat (= heat that is scorching) (炙人的熱氣)(分詞)
sleeping car (= a car for sleeping) (動名詞)
working method (= method of working)(動名詞)
(2)作表語的區(qū)別。分詞作表語時保持它的形容詞特征,動名詞作表語時保持它的名詞特征。動名詞作表語時?膳c主語互換位置,分詞則不行。例如:
The novel is interesting. ( 現(xiàn)在分詞)
My job is teaching English. (動名詞)
(3)作狀語的區(qū)別。分詞具有副詞特征,可以直接用作狀語;動名詞不具有副詞特征,不能單獨作狀語,只有與介詞結(jié)合時才能作狀語。例如:
1) Hearing the news, they immediately set off for the station. (分詞作狀語)
2) Given another chance, I’ll do it much better. (分詞作狀語)
3) After finishing his homework, he went to the reading-room. (動名詞與介詞一起作狀語) 4) On coming in she laid a file of documents upon the table. (動名詞與介詞一起作狀語) 3.動詞不定式作賓語補語和現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補語的區(qū)別
動詞不定式只說明賓語的一個動作,而分詞則說明賓語的動作正在進行。例如:
1)Just then he heard someone sing in the next room. (在那時,他聽見有人在隔壁房間里唱歌。)
2)Just then he heard someone singing in the next room. (在那時,他聽見有人正在隔壁房間里唱歌。)
非謂語動詞的一般式表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生,非謂語動詞的完成式表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。
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預(yù)約課程還可獲贈免費的學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí)診斷