北京高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)詞匯

2021-08-01 17:15:11 　來(lái)源：網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理

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北京高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)詞匯！想學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫是逃不掉的，同學(xué)們平時(shí)的英語(yǔ)考試，主要考的就是“聽(tīng)和寫”，而這次聽(tīng)說(shuō)考試，考察的除了“聽(tīng)和寫”，還有大量的“說(shuō)和讀”，口語(yǔ)，也是英語(yǔ)重要的一部分。下面，小編為大家?guī)?lái)北京高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)詞匯。

北京高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)詞匯

一、問(wèn)題分析

考生在聽(tīng)后轉(zhuǎn)述練習(xí)中常出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題有：因?qū)Ρ砀裥畔⒗斫獠坏轿?，抓取不到關(guān)鍵詞，而出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)述頓；記錄內(nèi)容混亂，抓取不到重點(diǎn) ；所填信息聽(tīng)不到位，出現(xiàn)單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤和時(shí)態(tài) 、人稱錯(cuò)誤；平時(shí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)不夠，出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤等。

如下面某考生的轉(zhuǎn)述實(shí)錄：

Anna Jones(1), the senior classpresident, gave a short speech to celebrate their graduation. She have(2)four years in high school, and shehas many great memories. He(2) remembers the school dance(2) everyyear and the parties and picnics theyhave(2) by the trip(3). She remembers the senior class trip to Canadalast December. Many of(2) studentsare going to different country(3).They are far from each other. Butthey all remember English andChemistry lessons(1). They alwaysremember the teachers and coaches(1). But most that(2) all, they remember each other and the wonderful times they shared.

以上文段中標(biāo)(1)的下劃線內(nèi)容發(fā)音不夠準(zhǔn)確；標(biāo)(2)的語(yǔ)法不夠準(zhǔn)確；標(biāo)(3)的語(yǔ)意偏離原文。

解析：轉(zhuǎn)述的要點(diǎn)基本齊全，遺漏部分次要信息。發(fā)音基本準(zhǔn)確，但重點(diǎn)詞匯（表格中的）lessons 和 coaches 發(fā)音不準(zhǔn) ，影響轉(zhuǎn)述效果。本文旨在引導(dǎo)考生集中關(guān)注該題型的解題難點(diǎn)，尋找解題規(guī)律，總結(jié)、梳理、細(xì)化解題方法，借助聽(tīng)力文本幫助考生總結(jié)梳理聽(tīng)后轉(zhuǎn)述題型的一般作答規(guī)律，以期運(yùn)用到日后的聽(tīng)后轉(zhuǎn)述實(shí)踐當(dāng)中。

二、答題技巧

1.記錄表格外信息，完善筆記

考生不能止步于讀表格中的內(nèi)容，而應(yīng)使轉(zhuǎn)述內(nèi)容充實(shí)。所以在轉(zhuǎn)述之前，考生要記錄表格外的信息。表格以外的信息即表格中沒(méi)有呈現(xiàn)的信息，包括對(duì)表格要點(diǎn)的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，以及說(shuō)話人的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度等。記錄表格外的信息，有助于考生組織出一篇更加連貫、完整的篇章，提高綜合得分。那么，如何在短時(shí)間內(nèi)多記筆記呢？

【縮寫法】常用單詞可用首字母、第一個(gè)音節(jié)或其中幾個(gè)字母來(lái)縮寫。

如，day 記為 d，Monday 記為Mon，month 記為 m，television 記為TV。專有名詞縮寫及拼音記憶法：（1）地區(qū)：對(duì)國(guó)家名稱可直接簡(jiǎn)寫幾個(gè)字母，如 Ameri（美國(guó)），Engl（英國(guó)）。（2）身份：par即parents（父母），fa即father/dad（爸爸），ma即mother/mom（媽媽），sis 即 sister（姐妹），bro 即 brother（兄弟），doc 即 doctor（醫(yī)生），nurs即nurse（護(hù)士）。（3）科目：如 Eng 即 English（英語(yǔ)），Chi 即 Chinese（漢語(yǔ)），Ma 即Math（數(shù)學(xué)），Hist即history（歷史）。

【符號(hào)法】

【音標(biāo)法】

聽(tīng)不懂的可用模糊音標(biāo)或大概拼寫，如naughty→noti。

【漢字法】

單詞長(zhǎng)的可寫漢字，如daughter寫為女兒/女。

下面以一篇聽(tīng)后記錄和轉(zhuǎn)述為例，來(lái)示范如何根據(jù)表格記筆記。

Anna Jones, the senior classpresident, gave a short speech to celebrate their graduation. →AJ, thesenior cls president, gv a shortspeech...She had amazing four years inhigh school. They made a lot ofgreat memories together. She remembers the school dances everyyear, and the parties and picnics theyhad by the lake. She remembers thesenior class trip to Canada last December. →S had amazing 4 yrs inhigh school. They made a lot of grtmemories together. S 記... they hadsymbols. S記...They should remember theEnglish and chemistry lessons, theteachers and coaches, and remembereach other and the wonderful timesthey shared. →They should 記...&...&

2. 表達(dá)時(shí)語(yǔ)言的流暢性、連貫性與準(zhǔn)確性

下面再來(lái)看另一名考生的轉(zhuǎn)述實(shí)錄：Anna Jones, the senior classpresident, gave a short speech to celebrate their graduation. She hadamazing four years in high school.They made a lot of great memoriestogether.She remembers the schooldances every year, and the partiesand picnics they had by the lake.She remembers the senior class tripto Canada last December. They sawsnow in the mountains! Many ofthem are going to college in different places. They will be all over thecountry and far away from each other. But she thinks they should neverforget their times together and allthat they learned.They should remember the English and chemistrylessons, the teachers and coaches,and remember each other and thewonderful times they shared. Shehopes they could come back andvisit, and have a good time in college and in their futures!上述轉(zhuǎn) 述注意了人稱變化（第三人稱）。當(dāng)然，并不是所有的轉(zhuǎn)述都需要轉(zhuǎn)換人稱，要具體情況具體分析。用心審題很重要。這段轉(zhuǎn)述有明晰的 but，and等銜接，注意了時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)等準(zhǔn)確性。

三、注意事項(xiàng)

1. 錄音時(shí)要調(diào)整好自己的節(jié)奏。開(kāi)頭不急著說(shuō)話，空一兩秒，結(jié)尾處也留點(diǎn)時(shí)間，聲音要洪亮，發(fā)音要清楚，語(yǔ)速要適中。轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)可將麥克風(fēng)放在下顎處距離嘴巴 2厘米的位置，并且呼吸要輕柔均勻。錄音過(guò)程中禁止用手觸碰話筒，以免錄入無(wú)關(guān)語(yǔ)音。

2.轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)整理好思路再開(kāi)口，一次成文，中間盡量不間斷。如果時(shí)間充裕，要盡量記錄完整信息。對(duì)聽(tīng)后轉(zhuǎn)述等新題型考生要多練習(xí)。聽(tīng)說(shuō)學(xué)習(xí)并不只是聽(tīng)到什么表面信息，而是考查考生理解了什么�？忌鷮W(xué)會(huì)“聽(tīng)”英語(yǔ)，是掌握在理解基礎(chǔ)上反饋信息的能力，也是為發(fā)展讀、寫、看能力進(jìn)行服務(wù)。提高英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)不僅是訓(xùn)練發(fā)展聽(tīng)說(shuō)技巧、提高英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)成績(jī)的實(shí)踐過(guò)程，也是鍛煉分析、推理能力的綜合過(guò)程。

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1. on holiday 在度假，在休假中

When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的時(shí)候去看望了叔叔。

2. travel agency旅行社

=travel bureau

3. take off

1)脫下(衣服等), 解(除)掉

He took off his wet shoes.他脫下了濕鞋子。

2)(飛機(jī))起飛

The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飛機(jī)準(zhǔn)時(shí)起飛。起飛非常順利。

3)匆匆離開(kāi)

The six men got into the car and took off for the park.這六個(gè)人上了車，匆匆離開(kāi)去公園。

4. go wrong v. 走錯(cuò)路, 誤入岐途, (機(jī)器等)發(fā)生故障

5. in all adv. 總共

6. stay away v.外出

7. look up 查詢(如賓語(yǔ)為代詞，則代詞放中間)

Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查單詞。

相關(guān)詞組：look for 尋找;look after照顧，照料; look forward to期待;look into調(diào)查; look on旁觀;look out注意;look out for注意，留心，提防;look over翻閱，查看，檢查;look around環(huán)視;look through翻閱，查看。

8. run after 追逐，追求

If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同時(shí)追兩只兔子，你一只也抓不到。

9. on the air 廣播

We will be on the air in five minutes.我們五分鐘以后開(kāi)始廣播。

This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.這個(gè)節(jié)目每天在同一時(shí)間播出。

10. think highly/well/much of對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)很高, 贊賞, 對(duì)……印象好

He was highly thought of by the manager.經(jīng)理對(duì)他非常贊賞。

I think well of your suggestion.我覺(jué)得你的建議很好。

think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……認(rèn)為不好, 好……不在意, 不贊成, 覺(jué)得……不怎么樣

I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我覺(jué)得他作為一個(gè)老師不怎么樣。

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