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3. 短語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
短語動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),通常被看作是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞,后面的介詞或副詞不能拆開或省略。例如:
1)so far no correct conclusion has arrived at.
2)all the rubbish should be got rid of.
4.“get + -ed分詞”的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
“get + -ed分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果,而非動(dòng)作本身,常用來表示突發(fā)性的,出乎意料的偶然事件。例如:
the boy got hurt on his way home from work.
另外,“get + -ed分詞”還可用于談?wù)摓樽约鹤龅氖拢侵鲃?dòng)的行為而不是被動(dòng)的行為。例如:
get dressed(穿衣服) get divorced(離婚)
get engaged(訂婚) get confused(迷惑不解)
get lost(迷路) get washed(洗臉)
get married(結(jié)婚)
5. 能帶兩個(gè)賓語和復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)
(1) 能帶兩個(gè)賓語的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),一次只能由一個(gè)賓語作主語,另一個(gè)賓語被保留下來。例如:
1)we showed the visitors our new products.(主動(dòng)語態(tài))
2)the visitors were shown our new products.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))
3)our new products were shown to the visitors.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))
(2)能帶復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),原來的賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語。例如:
1)the teacher appointed him league secretary.(主動(dòng)語態(tài))
2)he was appointed league secretary.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))
6. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別
(1)the novel was well written.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
(2)the novel was written by diskens.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))
7. 少數(shù)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語態(tài)有時(shí)有被動(dòng)的意思
例1:the book is selling remarkably well.
例2:the song sounds very beautiful.
能這樣用的動(dòng)詞還有read(讀起來),clean(擦起來),wash(洗起來),write(寫起來)。
例3:my watch needs cleaning. (=my watch needs to be cleaned).
能像need這樣用的動(dòng)詞還有:want, require, deserve, do, owe, bind等。
例4:the meat is cooking.
例 5:the book written by the professor is printing.
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