上海初中英語(yǔ)“短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和句型”知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理(4)

　　3)在感官動(dòng)詞see, hear, feel, watch, listen to, look at使役動(dòng)詞let, make, have等的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)種，不定式須省去to。但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)，省去的to要加上。例如：

　　I saw him go into the room.

　　He was seen to go into the room.

　　4. 初中階段主要句型的用法。

　　1. It's time to (for) .... 表“時(shí)間到了;該干…的時(shí)間了”之意。

　　It's time to go home.

　　It's time for school.

　　注意：to的后面接動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，而for的后面接名詞。

　　2. It's bad (good) for ... 表示“對(duì)…有害(有益)的”含義。

　　Please don't smoke. It's bad for your health.

　　Please take more exercise. It's good for your health.

　　3. be late for (school) 是“上學(xué)(遲到)”之意。for后面還可以接meeting或class。

　　He was late for school this morning.

　　Don't be late for class, please.

　　4. had better do / not do sth. 表示“較好做/不做某事”之意。

　　You had better put on the coat when you go out. It's cold outside.

　　We had better stop to have a rest.

　　注意：用had better時(shí)，后面一定要直接跟動(dòng)詞原形，決不能加to do sth. 否定一定用在第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞之前，是動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式。

　　5. be (feel) afraid of ... 表示“恐怕”，“害怕…”之意。

　　He is afraid of snakes.

　　Mary feels afraid of going out alone.

　　6. enjoy doing sth. 是“喜歡(愛(ài)好)做某事”之意，doing是動(dòng)名詞作動(dòng)詞enjoy的賓語(yǔ)。enjoy有欣賞之意。

　　Are you enjoy living in Beijing?

　　Do you enjoy listening to music?

　　7. stop doing sth. 停止做某事

　　stop to do sth. 停下來(lái)做某事

　　It's time for class. Stop talking, please.

　　When she saw me, she stopped to talk with me.

　　8. Let (make) sb. do 讓(使)某人做某事。

　　Let's go to school.

　　Father made his son clean the room again.

　　注意：當(dāng)make sb. do sth. 用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞前面就一定要加to了。如：

　　His son was made to clean the room again.

　　he was made to work twelve hours a day in the past.

　　9. like to do / like doing sth. 是“喜歡做某事”之意。

　　like to do sth. 是表示比較具體的喜歡做某事;like doing sth. 是表示寵統(tǒng)的喜歡做某事。如：

　　I like to swim in the swimming pool.

　　我喜歡在游泳池中游泳。(喜歡的具體的地方游泳)

　　I like swimming. 我喜歡游泳(只講喜歡這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng))

　　10. ask (tell) sb. to do. (not to do) sth. 請(qǐng)(讓)某人(不)做某事

　　Jim asked his mother to help him with his lessons.

　　When did you tell him not to shout loudly?

　　11. give (lend) sb. sth. = give (lend) sth. to sb. 給(借給)某人某物

　　Mike gave me a new pair of stockings.

　　Please lend us your car.

　　12. be busy doing sth. 表示“忙于做某事”之意。

　　The students are busy getting ready for the exams.

　　Is Mrs Black busy washing clothes?

　　13. too ... to ... 表示“太…以致不能…”的含義。

　　She is too young to go to school.

　　The old man was too tired to walk farther.

　　14. not……until …… 是“直……才……”之意。

　　My daughter didn't go to bed until 11 o'clock last night.

　　We won't have time to rest until the summer holiday comes.

　　15. so ……that 是“如此……以致……”的意思。

　　Peter is so clever that all the teachers like him very much.

　　The song is so wonderful that everyone likes to listen to it.

　　16. neither ……nor ……是“既不……也不……”之意。

　　Mr. Smith is neither a worker nor a soldier. He is a scientist.

　　Neither you nor I am free.